The Ultimate Checklist for Business Valuation

Preparing for a company valuation requires gathering a comprehensive set of documents that provide insight into your business’s financial health, ownership structure, and growth potential. Whether you’re seeking investment, planning an exit, or simply assessing your company’s worth, having the right information readily available can streamline the process and ensure an accurate valuation. In this guide, we’ll break down the essential documents you need—including financial statements, capitalization tables, stock agreements, and more—so you can approach your valuation with confidence and clarity.

Articles of Incorporation or Operating Agreement 

Articles of Incorporation are a public document filed with the state to legally establish a corporation, outlining basic company information like name, address, and ownership structure.

An Operating Agreement is a private contract between business owners detailing how they will manage the company internally, including ownership percentages, profit sharing, and decision-making processes

Current Capitalization Table

This document details the current ownership structure of a company, listing all shareholders, the number of shares they hold, and their corresponding percentage ownership, essentially showing who owns what portion of the company at a specific point in time. Cap tables are used to calculate a company’s current valuation based on the total number of shares outstanding and their price.

What it includes:

  • Names of all shareholders (founders, employees, investors)
  • Number of shares each shareholder owns
  • Percentage ownership of each shareholder
  • Different types of securities like common stock, preferred stock, options, warrants
  • Share price at the time of issuance

Closing Dates for Each Equity and/or Debt Round

These are the dates when your company completed each round of funding, whether through selling shares (equity) or taking on loans (debt).

Why it’s important:

Knowing when funds were raised can indicate the company’s financial health and its ability to attract investment.

Copies of all Stock Purchase Agreements and/or Credit Agreements

These are contracts that detail the terms of buying shares in your company or borrowing money. They include important details like the price of shares and the terms of loans.

Why it’s important:

Ownership Details: helps in understanding the ownership structure and any potential obligations or rights of shareholders. For example, certain stock purchase agreements might include clauses that impact the value of shares, such as anti-dilution provisions or rights of first refusal.

Financial Obligations: Credit Agreements outline the terms of any loans or credit facilities the company has taken. This includes interest rates, repayment schedules, and covenants.

Schedule of Outstanding Options & Warrants, Including Exercise Prices

This is a list of all the options and warrants (rights to buy shares at a set price) that have been issued but not yet exercised. It includes the prices at which these options can be raised.

Why it’s important:

Potential Dilution: This schedule shows how many options and warrants are outstanding, which can dilute the ownership percentage of existing shareholders if exercised.

Future Obligations: This provides insight into the company’s future financial obligations. When options and warrants are exercised, the company may need to issue new shares or pay out cash, impacting its financial position.

Valuation Impact: If the exercise prices are significantly lower than the current market price, it could indicate a potential increase in the number of shares, affecting the overall valuation.

Employee Incentives: Options are often used as part of employee compensation packages, so understanding the number and terms of these options helps in evaluating the company’s strategy for attracting and retaining talent.

Market Perception: The existence and terms of options and warrants can influence investor perception and confidence in the company. Favorable terms might indicate strong growth potential, while unfavorable terms could raise concerns

Number of Options Planned to be Issued in the 12 Months Following the Valuation Date

This is an estimate of how many new options your company plans to issue in the next year.

Why it’s important:

Knowing how many options are planned to be issued helps in estimating future dilution of existing shares (which affects the value of current shareholders’ equity). It also provides insight into the company’s future financial commitments.

Details Regarding any Secondary stock sales (redemption/buy-back of issued stock) only if relevant

This includes information about any sales of shares by existing shareholders to new investors, rather than the company issuing new shares.

Why it’s important:

Secondary stock sales can provide an indication of the market value of the company’s shares. These transactions often reflect what investors are willing to pay for shares in the company, a useful data point for a valuation.

Secondary sales can show the liquidity of the company’s shares and the confidence of investors. If there are frequent secondary transactions, it may indicate a healthy market for the company’s shares. These sales can be compared to previous funding rounds to see how the company’s valuation has changed over time. This helps in understanding the growth and market perception of the company.

Secondary sales can affect the ownership structure of the company. Understanding these changes is important for assessing control and influence within the company.

Finally, secondary transactions may have regulatory implications, especially if they involve significant changes in ownership or control. These need to be considered in the valuation process

Historical Annual Financials (P&L, Balance Sheet): Past three years, or since inception

These are your company’s financial statements for the past three years (or since it started). The Profit & Loss (P&L) statement shows your income and expenses, while the Balance Sheet shows your assets, liabilities, and equity.

Why it’s important:

These show trends in revenue, expenses, and profitability, which are essential for assessing the company’s growth and stability.

Monthly P&L Statements for 12 Months Prior to Valuation Date

These are your company’s monthly income and expense reports for the past year

Why it’s important:

These statements provide a detailed view of your company’s recent financial performance over the past year.

Balance Sheet as of Valuation Date

This is a snapshot of your company’s financial position (assets, liabilities, and equity) on the specific date of the valuation.

Why it’s important:

Snapshot of Financial Health: The balance sheet provides a snapshot of your company’s financial position on the specific date of the valuation.

Three (3) years of Projected Financials

These are your company’s financial forecasts for the next three years. They should include:

    • Depreciation: The reduction in value of your assets over time.
    • Capital Expenditures: Money spent on acquiring or maintaining fixed assets like buildings and equipment.
    • Estimates/Assumptions for Working Capital: Predictions about the funds needed for day-to-day operations

Why it’s important:

In addition to providing a benchmark for the current valuation, analyzing past valuations can reveal trends in the company’s growth and market perception. 

Executive Summary or Slide Deck

A brief overview of your company, often used to pitch to investors. Venture First can assist with this (CTA).

Why it’s important:

It presents the key reasons why the company is a good investment opportunity. This can include unique selling points, market opportunities, and financial projections.

Bios of Top Three Management Roles including Name and Position at Company

Why it’s important:

This highlights the key members of the management team, their roles, and their experience. A strong management team can significantly impact the company’s valuation.

Details of any filed/registered Intellectual Property (patents, trademarks, etc.)

Information about any patents, trademarks, or other intellectual property your company owns.

Why it’s important:

IP assets like patents, trademarks, and copyrights can provide a significant competitive edge by protecting unique products, services, or brand elements. Also, IP can be a source of revenue through licensing agreements, sales, or strategic partnerships.